How to solve "Your profile could not be opened correctly" issue in Chrome

I worked for a company that uses Google Chrome as there default browser. The reason for this is because they migrated to Google Apps. One Monday morning [like always, it always has to be on Mondays], one of the users in the office came up to me saying that there Google Mail was not loading up in chrome. When I went to the user’s workstation I saw this dialog box:

 
The cause of this issue seems straightforward and I was assuming that some files were corrupted. I did notice that chrome.exe in the task manager did not want to go away, so I had to restart the machine to flush it out of the system.